The Past Perfect & Past Perfect Continuous Tense
The past perfect tense is formed using ‘had’ and the past participle (ed) form of the main verb.
Uses the past perfect tense We usually use the past perfect tense when we talk about two actions in the past. We use the past perfect tense for the event that happened first and the simple past tense for the event that happened second. For example:- The train left the station at 7:15 PM.
I was late. I reached the station at 7.30 p.m.
The train had left before I reached the station.

Exercise – 1 (Intermediate)
Rewrite the following sentences. Use the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1. They __________ (already leave) home when I phoned them.
2. After we __________(eat) dinner, we went out for a walk.
3. The public library was no longer open. It __________(close) down.
4. I felt that I __________ (see) him somewhere before.
5. They went home after they _________(teach) their classes.
6. I did not recognize my uncle. She _________(grow) old.
7. I realized that I __________ (meet) him earlier.
8. We were surprised to know that he __________(build) a large bungalow.
9. The rain __________ (already stop) when I reached Nainital.
10. I couldn’t identify my car. It___________(badly damage).
The Past Perfect Continuous
The past perfect continuous tense is formed using had been + the present participle form of the main verb.
The past perfect continuous tense is used to say how long something has been happening before something else happened.
Ex. Mr. Sharma had been teaching for 10 years in our college before he retired.
The past perfect continuous tense can also be used to draw conclusion:-
Ex. The field was wet outside. It had been raining all through the right.
Exercise – (Intermediate)
Read the following sentences. Then write a sentence with the help of the words in brackets:-
1. When I saw him, Mukesh was driving his car. (he / drive / his car/ since morning)
2. We played cricket for an hour. Then it started raining. (We / play / cricket/ for an hour)
3. When I entered the house, I heard the sound of the T.V. (someone / watch / TV)
4. When I entered my office, I saw my friend writing a letter. (My friend / write / a / letter / since morning.)
5. When I reached their house, they were eating lunch. (They / eat / lunch)
6. The boys came into the classroom. They were all wet. (They/ walk / in rain)
7. When I entered his office, I found that he was sleeping. (he / sleep / in his office / all afternoon)
8. My friend looked very happy as he was reading ‘Shakespear. (My friend / read / shakes pear/since his vacation started)
9. He went to college in the morning and came home in the evening. He looked very tired. (He / teach / in college/ the whole day)
10. Harish started working in this company in 1990 He was still working in that company in 1996. (Harish / work / in this Company/ for 6 years)
 

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