Subject and Predicate
1. A group of words that makes complete sense is called a sentence.

2. The naming part is called the subject and what we say about the subject is called the predicate.

Exercise
1. Match the subject & Predicate and make meaningful sentence.
Subject Predicate

Ravi

is a big room.

The Sun

 teaches and gives us knowledge.

A bird

 gives us milk

Water

is a good boy

Boys

 is very intelligent

Girls

 sets in the west

It

flies in the sky

Cow

 boils at 1000 centigrade

Teacher

play badminton
Harish love to play cricket


2. Identify the subject & Predicate in the following sentences – (Elementary)

(i) Your younger brother is a doctor.
(ii) Ravi runs very fast.
(iii) The food smells very good.
(iv) The tall boy standing in the corner is our captain.
(v) All the girls watched T.V. in the evening.
(vi) He is sitting in the corner.
(vii) All the new students are unhappy.
(viii) The board’s decision has made us happy.
(ix) The prime minister has given us tax concession.
(x) His father is a teacher.
(xi) Lions roar in the forest.
(xii) Every student sang in the party.
(xiii) They have gone out for a dinner.
(xiv) I bought a car yesterday.
(xv) She sings very well.


3. Put a suitable subject to form a meaningful sentences. (Elementary)

i. _____________ rises in the east.
ii. _____________ am a teacher.
iii. _____________ have won the match.
iv. _____________ bark at strangers.
v. _____________ are playing cricket.
vi. _____________ is very hot today.
vii. _____________ are swimming fast.
viii. _____________ gives us knowledge.
ix. _____________ gives us light & life.
x. _____________ starts at 10 a.m.
xi. _____________ have been living in this city for 10 years.
xii. _____________ saw a movie yesterday.
xiii. _____________ had left before I reached there.
xiv. _____________ can speak English.
xv. _____________ must obey the traffic rules.


4. Put a suitable Predicate to make the sentence meaningful _________ (Intermediate)
1) The sun _____________
2) The rose _____________
3) The door _____________
4) India _____________
5) Ravi _____________
6) Sonu _____________
7) Water _____________
8) Cows _____________
9) Children _____________
10) The teacher _____________
11) The doctor _____________
12) Dogs _____________
13) Ravi and Rakesh _____________
14) Bread & butter _____________
15) The boy in red shirt _____________


The Constituents of a Sentence

Subject: Every statement in English begins with a subject. The subjects Noun, Pronoun or Noun Phrase is tied to or is in agreement with the verb.
1. A bird is flying.
2. Birds are flying.

Verb: The verb is the second constituted of a statement. There are three types of verbs –

Linking verb ( Is, am, are, was, were. etc)

Intransitive verb (verb without object)
Transitive verb (verb with object)

Compliment: A Complement usually follows a linking verb. The compliment tells us more about the subject. The subject and the complement refer to the same person or thing. The complement may be an adjective, a noun, a preposition phrase or an adverb.
Examples:-
1. His father is a teacher.
2. Your friend is tall.


OBJECTS Objects are of two types-
• Direct object
• Indirect object
Object occurs only after transitive verb. If a transitive verb requires only one object, it has to be a direct object. The object can be an answer to what or whom. The object can be a noun or a pronoun. An indirect object comes immediately after the main verb but usually followed by a direct object. Example 1. Sachin hits the ball.
2. Ravi told us a story.


Adverbial – An adverbial can be a one – word adverb, a noun phrase or a clause. 1. Ravi lives here. (Adverb).
2. Your read this book last week. (noun phrase).
3. The book is on the table. (prepositional phrase)
4. She came when I was going out. (Clause)


Note: There is a second Category of linking verbs. These are verbs such as appear, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, become, get and grow.
1. Rakesh feels happy.
2. You seem restless.
3. His uncle became a doctor.
4. It sounds good.
5. He appears upset.
 

Quotes of life

A man without patience is a lamp without oil

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